Optogenetics is an interdisciplinary subject consisting of neuroscience, optics, semiconductor optoelectronics and biomedical science. Light can be used as a tool applied in genetics to provide more efficient and accurate regulation and new ideas for clinical treatments on psychiatric illnesses. The integrated implanted biological optrode is a multi-functional microprobe which integrates light stimulation and feedback signal recording, and it has important applications in optogenetic researches on living mammals. The paper first reviews the history of optogenetics. Then the development and classification of optrodes are analyzed in detail. The structure and performance of different optrodes are further compared and evaluated, such as electrical performance, noise signal, biocompatibility and reliability. Finally, the improvement and future trends of optrodes are discussed.