The good electron transport properties of one-dimensional TiO2 nanomaterials provide theoretical feasibility for effectively improving the photoelectric properties of new solar cells such as perovskite solar cells. In this paper, the vertically oriented one-dimensional single crystal rutile TiO2 nanorods thin films were prepared by hydrothermal method on FTO. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis, TEM and SAED. The effects of the amount of butyl titanate and the number of hydrothermal reaction on the morphology and optical properties of nanorods thin films were investigated. The results show that when the volume ratio of water, hydrochloric acid and butyl titanate is 30∶30∶1, under circulating hydrothermal reaction of two times, one-dimensional single crystal TiO2 nanorods thin films with uniformly dense and oriented crystal growth along the ［001］ orientation were obtained. The photoabsorption of the nanorods thin films in UV and visible regions was enhanced, the photoabsorption edge was red-shifted, and the band gap was 3.0eV.